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Linux. What is it?.?

# linux

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# Article should know

# Good article

Linux is an open source operating system (OS) developed by Linus Torvalds in 1991. It is independent, royalty-free, capable of accessing and modifying source code, making it popular to use as the base of other operating systems such as Android and macOS, as well as in servers, supercomputers, and embedded devices.

Key characteristics of Linux

Operating System:

Acting as an intermediary to manage hardware and software, allowing programs to work together efficiently.

Open Source:

All code is publicly available. Anyone can access, modify and distribute it without charge.

Developed from Unix:

Linux evolved from the Unix operating system and has high operating flexibility.

Various uses:

It is found on many devices, from smartphones, tablets (Android), computers, to supercomputers, servers, and other electronic devices.

High customization:

Users and developers can customize the system to their own specific needs.

The popularity and benefits of Linux

Free and easy to access:

It doesn't cost you to buy the copyright, making it an interesting choice.

Stability and efficiency:

Highly stable, suitable for use in environments requiring high performance, such as servers.

Widespread in circles:

It is the core of server operating systems (such as LAMP) and operating systems in many different devices.

Large developer community:

There are many users and developers who help each other develop and continuously improve the system.

2025/8/30 Edited to

... Read moreถ้าถามแบบบ้านๆว่า “linux คืออะไร” สำหรับเรา Linux คือ “ตระกูลของระบบปฏิบัติการ” (Operating System) คล้ายๆ Windows/macOS แต่จุดเด่นคือเป็นโอเพนซอร์ส ใช้ได้ฟรี และมีหลายเวอร์ชันย่อยให้เลือก ซึ่งเวอร์ชันย่อยพวกนี้จะถูกเรียกว่า Linux distro (Linux distribution) เช่น Ubuntu, Debian, Fedora, Mint ฯลฯ แล้ว linux ใช้ทำอะไร ได้บ้าง? จากที่เจอในชีวิตจริงจะเจอบ่อยมากกว่าที่คิด 1) งานเซิร์ฟเวอร์/โฮสติ้งเว็บไซต์ หลายเว็บที่เราเข้าใช้งานทุกวันรันอยู่บน Linux เพราะมันเสถียร อัปไทม์ยาวๆ รีสตาร์ตน้อย และคุมทรัพยากรได้ดี โดยเฉพาะงานแนว LAMP/LEMP (Linux + เว็บเซิร์ฟเวอร์ + ฐานข้อมูล + ภาษาโปรแกรม) 2) มือถือ Android หลายคนไม่รู้ว่า Android ใช้ Linux kernel เป็นแกนหลัก เพราะงั้นเวลาพูดว่า Linux อยู่ใกล้ตัวเรา จริงๆ คืออยู่ในมือถือทุกวันเลย 3) งานเขียนโปรแกรม/DevOps สายเขียนโค้ดจำนวนมากชอบ Linux เพราะเครื่องมือพัฒนา (เช่น Git, Docker, SSH, Python, Node) ทำงานบน Linux ได้ลื่น และการใช้คำสั่งผ่าน Terminal ช่วยให้จัดการโปรเจกต์/เซิร์ฟเวอร์ได้เร็ว 4) งานความปลอดภัย/ทดสอบระบบ (สำหรับคนที่เรียนจริงจัง) ดิสโทรเฉพาะทางบางตัวถูกทำมาเพื่อสาย Security โดยตรง แต่ถ้าเป็นมือใหม่ แนะนำเริ่มจากดิสโทรทั่วไปก่อน จะได้ไม่ยากเกินไป 5) เครื่องเก่า/เครื่องสเปกไม่สูง บาง distro ออกแบบมาให้เบา ทำให้โน้ตบุ๊กเก่ากลับมาใช้งานได้ดีขึ้น (แต่เลือกเดสก์ท็อปให้เหมาะ เช่น XFCE/LXQt) ถ้าจะเริ่มใช้ ควรรู้คำว่า “distro” เพิ่มนิดนึง: Linux ไม่ได้มีแบบเดียวเหมือน Windows แต่มีหลาย Linux distro ให้เลือกตามสไตล์การใช้งาน (ใช้ง่าย/เน้นเสถียร/เน้นล่าสุด/เน้นเบา) แนวทางเลือก distro สำหรับมือใหม่ (จากประสบการณ์ลองเล่นแบบไม่อยากปวดหัว) - อยากใช้ง่าย เหมือนคอมทั่วไป: Ubuntu หรือ Linux Mint - อยากเสถียร เน้นใช้งานยาวๆ: Debian - เครื่องไม่แรง อยากให้ลื่น: Xubuntu/Lubuntu หรือ Mint XFCE สรุปสั้นๆ: Linux คือระบบปฏิบัติการโอเพนซอร์ส ที่ “ใช้ได้ตั้งแต่คอมส่วนตัวไปจนถึงเซิร์ฟเวอร์ระดับโลก” และเหตุผลที่คนใช้เยอะก็เพราะมันฟรี เสถียร ปรับแต่งได้สูง และมีชุมชนช่วยกันพัฒนาตลอด ถ้าเพิ่งเริ่ม ลองเลือก distro ที่เป็นมิตรกับมือใหม่ก่อน แล้วค่อยขยับไปสายลึกทีหลังจะสนุกกว่า

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An infographic titled "Network Monitoring on Linux" by Dan Nanni, categorizing Linux tools by OSI layers. It lists tools for Layer-4 (Transport), Layer-3 (Network), and Layer-2 (Data Link), such as ss/netstat, iperf, traceroute, ping, bmon, and arp. Additional tools like Wireshark and nmap are also included.
Network monitoring on Linux
Network monitoring is the process of capturing and analyzing traffic across OSI layers 2 to 4, offering visibility into how data moves through the network and how different protocols interact during communication Here are Linux-based network monitoring tools, categorized by the OSI layer they op
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Learn Linux with Dan

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An infographic titled 'Linux User Management' lists commands for adding, removing, and modifying users (e.g., useradd, userdel, usermod, passwd), groups (e.g., groupadd, groupdel, groupmod), and displaying user/group information (e.g., whoami, id, groups, getent). It's created by Dan Nanni from study-notes.org.
User management commands for Linux
Even on a single-user Linux system, multiple accounts keep root actions separate, run services with least privilege, and let you test things without breaking your main environment. Here are essential Linux commands for user management 😎👆 Find high-res pdf ebooks with all my Linux related info
Learn Linux with Dan

Learn Linux with Dan

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Linux encryption tools
Linux gives you multiple ways to encrypt your data, and each tool works at a different layer of the stack. Some encrypt entire disks. Some protect individual files or file systems. Others secure email, network traffic, or even hide data inside images. The right choice depends on what you want
Learn Linux with Dan

Learn Linux with Dan

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An infographic titled 'DNS Troubleshooting on Linux' presents a collection of commands for diagnosing DNS issues. It covers checking DNS server status, performing lookups, examining configurations, analyzing network routes, and reviewing logs, providing a comprehensive guide for Linux users.
Useful Linux commands for DNS troubleshooting
DNS issues usually come down to a few things: broken connectivity, bad configs, or flaky DNS servers—any of which can stop domains from resolving properly. Here are useful commands for diagnosing DNS issues on Linux 😎👆 Find high-res pdf ebooks with all my latest Linux infographics at https://
Learn Linux with Dan

Learn Linux with Dan

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An infographic titled 'Linux Filesystem Commands' by Dan Nanni, categorizing commands for managing filesystems. It lists common commands like mkfs and df, along with specific commands for EXT, ZFS, Btrfs, and XFS filesystems, detailing their functions for formatting, checking, resizing, and managing.
Useful Linux filesystem commands
Linux filesystem tools are divided into two types: those that work universally across all filesystems, and those designed for specific filesystems, taking advantage of their unique features and layout Here are useful Linux filesystem commands 😎👆 #devops #softwaredeveloper #TechTips #sof
Learn Linux with Dan

Learn Linux with Dan

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Linux command chaining
Linux shells like bash and zsh make it easy to combine commands using chaining, command substitution, and process substitution, letting you run tasks in sequence, reuse command output, or connect commands more flexibly 😎👆 Find a high-res pdf ebook with all my Linux related infographics from http
Learn Linux with Dan

Learn Linux with Dan

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An infographic titled 'Linux cp Command Examples' presents a comprehensive list of `cp` command variations and their uses, including copying files, directories, preserving attributes, handling symbolic links, and using `find` and `rsync` for advanced copying tasks. The content is created by Dan Nanni.
Linux cp command examples
Many of you probably learned the cp command early on in Linux, but if you haven’t explored its full set of options and are too lazy to read its man page, you might be missing out on its true power Let’s review some useful examples of the command 😎👆 #softwareengineer #softwaredeveloper #sof
Learn Linux with Dan

Learn Linux with Dan

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A ranked list of the top 20 Linux-related GitHub projects, including their repository names, star counts, fork counts, and brief descriptions. Projects range from the Linux kernel to command-line tools, editors, and system monitors. The infographic is credited to Dan Nanni and study-notes.org.
Top Linux-related GitHub projects
As a Linux fan, I’m always curious which open-source Linux projects are getting the most attention on GitHub Here are some of the big ones 😎👆 Did I miss anything important? Find high-res pdf ebooks with all my Linux related infographics at https://study-notes.org #linux #github #op
Learn Linux with Dan

Learn Linux with Dan

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