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The sight vocabulary you may have heard 👂 with Doctor Tulya.

2025/10/24 Edited to

... Read moreหลายคนเวลาคุยกับคุณหมอหรืออ่านใบผลตรวจสายตา มักงงกับ “ศัพท์หมอ” โดยเฉพาะคำอังกฤษเกี่ยวกับตา เลยขอสรุปแบบภาษาคนธรรมดา พร้อมคำแปลที่เจอบ่อยๆ เผื่อเอาไปใช้ถามคุณหมอได้ตรงจุดค่ะ 1) ตาเอียง ภาษาอังกฤษ = Astigmatism ตาเอียงคือภาวะที่ความโค้งของกระจกตา/เลนส์ตาไม่สม่ำเสมอ ทำให้แสงโฟกัสไม่เป็นจุดเดียว ภาพเลย “มัว ซ้อน เงา” ได้ทั้งไกลและใกล้ บางคนจะบ่นว่าปวดตา ปวดหัวเวลาใช้สายตานานๆ หรือขับรถกลางคืนแล้วไฟแตกกระจาย คำที่อาจเห็นในใบตรวจ เช่น cylinder (ค่าสายตาเอียง) และ axis (องศาของเอียง) 2) สายตาสั้น = Myopia จุดโฟกัสไปตก “หน้าจอตา/จอรับภาพ” ทำให้มองไกลไม่ชัด แต่มองใกล้ชัดกว่า พบได้บ่อยในวัยเรียน ถ้าใส่แว่น/คอนแทคเลนส์ที่ค่าสั้นไม่พอดี มักหรี่ตาเพื่อเพ่งโดยไม่รู้ตัว 3) สายตายาว = Hyperopia จุดโฟกัสไปตก “หลังจอรับภาพ” ทำให้โดยมากมองใกล้ลำบากกว่า บางคนมองไกลก็ไม่ชัดโดยเฉพาะเวลาล้า และอาจมีอาการปวดหัวจากการเพ่งชดเชย 4) สายตายาวตามวัย = Presbyopia อันนี้คนชอบสับสนกับ Hyperopia แต่คนละเรื่อง Presbyopia เกิดจากเลนส์ตาเสื่อมตามอายุ (มักเริ่มราวๆ 40+) ทำให้ “อ่านใกล้ไม่ชัด ต้องเหยียดแขน/หาแสงเพิ่ม” ทางแก้ที่เจอบ่อยคือแว่นอ่านหนังสือ แว่นสองชั้น/โปรเกรสซีฟ หรือบางรายอาจพิจารณาแนวทางอย่าง monovision ตามความเหมาะสม ศัพท์ตาอื่นๆ ที่คนชอบถามเพิ่ม - เบ้าตา ภาษาอังกฤษ = eye socket (ทางการแพทย์มักใช้คำว่า orbit) - “ปรายตามอง” คือการเหลือบ/ช้อนตาไปมองแบบหางตา (ถ้าเป็นอังกฤษจะใกล้กับ glance หรือ look sideways แล้วแต่บริบท) - ต้อลม ภาษาอังกฤษ มักเรียก pinguecula (เป็นตุ่ม/เนื้อเยื่อเหลืองๆ ที่เยื่อบุตา) และถ้าลามเป็นแผ่นเข้าไปที่กระจกตาจะเรียก pterygium (ต้อเนื้อ) ทิปส่วนตัว: เวลาไปตรวจ ให้ลองถามคุณหมอ/ผู้ช่วยว่า “ค่าสั้น (sphere) ค่ายาว ค่าตาเอียง (cylinder) และองศา (axis) ของเราเท่าไหร่” จะช่วยให้เราเข้าใจผลตรวจและเลือกแว่นได้ง่ายขึ้นค่ะ

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