Artour Schopenhauer.
Artour Schopenhauer studied at the universities of Göttingen and Berlin in 1813, completed his PhD with his thesis On the Fourfold Root of the Principle of Sufficient Reason, and 1818-1819 published the masterpiece The World as Will and Representation, which proposed the idea that the world of phenomena is an expression of irrational, blind and insatiable will that leads to inherent suffering.
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He was influenced by Immanuel Kant, Plato, and Eastern philosophy, especially Buddhism and the Upanishads, and had a strongly critical view of Hegel's philosophy.
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His work was little known at an early date, but became popular late in life, especially after the publication of Parerga und Paralipomena 1851, which quickly helped him become famous.
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His ideas influenced a large number of thinkers and artists, such as Friedrich Nietzsche, Sigmund Freud, Richard Wagner, Thomas Munn, and many existentialist philosophers.
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He died of heart disease in Frankfurt at the age of 72.
