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EP7 Hollows Hidden In Concrete... Start From No Pune Pendant

2025/9/21 Edited to

... Read moreหลายคนทักมาถามเหมือนกันว่า “เทฟุตติ้งใช้ปูนอะไร” เพราะฐานรากเป็นจุดเริ่มต้นของความแข็งแรงทั้งหลัง จากที่เราเจองานเทคอนกรีตลงหลุมฐานรากที่มีโครงเหล็กเสริม (แล้วตามด้วยการใช้เครื่องจี้ปูน) ขอสรุปแบบที่คนหน้างานคุยกันให้เข้าใจง่าย ๆ ค่ะ 1) เทฟุตติ้งใช้ปูนอะไร? โดยทั่วไปฟุตติ้งไม่ได้ใช้ “ปูนซีเมนต์ล้วน ๆ” แต่ใช้ “คอนกรีตผสมเสร็จ” หรือคอนกรีตที่ผสมตามสเปก (มีหิน-ทราย-ปูน-น้ำ) สิ่งที่ควรดูคือ “กำลังอัดคอนกรีต” (เช่น 240 ksc/280 ksc ตามแบบวิศวกร) และคุณภาพการผสม/การเทมากกว่าโฟกัสแค่ว่ายี่ห้อปูนอะไร ถ้าเป็นงานฐานราก/ฟุตติ้ง ส่วนใหญ่หน้างานจะสั่งคอนกรีตผสมเสร็จจากโรงงาน เพราะควบคุมสัดส่วนได้ดีกว่า ลดความเสี่ยงเรื่องน้ำเยอะไป-แห้งไป และเทได้ต่อเนื่อง (สำคัญมากกับงานหลุมฐานรากที่มีเหล็กแน่น ๆ) 2) ทำไมต้อง “จี้ปูน” ตอนเทฟุตติ้ง? จี้ปูนคือการใช้เครื่องสั่นคอนกรีตให้เนื้อคอนกรีตไหลแทรกตามซอกเหล็กและไล่ฟองอากาศออก ถ้าไม่จี้ ฟองอากาศจะค้าง → เกิดโพรงด้านใน (โพรงคอนกรีต) ซึ่งระยะสั้นอาจดูไม่เห็นอะไร แต่ระยะยาวอาจทำให้คอนกรีตไม่แน่น กำลังรับแรงลดลง และเป็นจุดเริ่มของรอยร้าว/น้ำซึมได้ ทริกเล็ก ๆ ที่เราใช้เช็กหน้างานคือ ดูว่าคนงาน “จี้เป็นจังหวะ” และ “จี้ให้ทั่ว” ไม่จี้แค่ผิว ๆ โดยเฉพาะบริเวณที่เหล็กเสริมแน่น มุมหลุม หรือจุดต่อที่คอนกรีตไหลเข้าไปยาก 3) “สมานคอนกรีต” คืออะไร? ใช้ตอนไหน? คำว่า “สมานคอนกรีต” คนมักหมายถึงการทำให้คอนกรีตเก่า-ใหม่ยึดติดกัน หรือซ่อมผิว/รอยต่อให้แน่นขึ้น เช่น จุดที่ต้องเทคอนกรีตเป็นช่วง ๆ แล้วเกิดรอยต่อ (construction joint) หรือมีบริเวณที่ผิวไม่แน่น แนวคิดหลัก ๆ คือ - ทำความสะอาดผิวคอนกรีตเก่าให้ไม่มีฝุ่น/คราบมัน/เศษปูนหลุดร่อน - ทำผิวให้เหมาะ (บางงานต้องสกัดผิวให้หยาบเพื่อเพิ่มแรงยึดเกาะ) - ใช้วัสดุช่วยยึดเกาะ/น้ำยาประสานคอนกรีตตามระบบที่ช่างและวิศวกรเลือก 4) สรุปแบบคนสร้างบ้าน: อยากให้ฟุตติ้งแน่น ต้องดู 3 เรื่อง - สเปกคอนกรีตให้ตรงแบบ (กำลังอัด/การเทต่อเนื่อง) - จี้ปูนให้ถูกวิธีเพื่อกันโพรงอากาศ - ถ้ามีรอยต่อหรือซ่อมงาน ให้ “สมานคอนกรีต” ด้วยขั้นตอนเตรียมผิวที่ดี ไม่ใช่ทา ๆ แล้วจบ สุดท้าย ต่อให้เลือกคอนกรีตสเปกดีแค่ไหน ถ้าเทแล้วไม่จี้ปูน โอกาสเกิดโพรงก็ยังมีอยู่ ดังนั้นงานเล็ก ๆ แบบนี้แหละที่ไม่ควรมองข้าม เพราะมันเป็นพื้นฐานของบ้านที่แข็งแรงจริง ๆ ค่ะ

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