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Summary of inheritance laws. Six orders of law. Who is there?

Heritage law is a frequently issued topic in A-Level society.

For those who still do not understand or do not remember

I made a summary to save for reading.

.

If the heir had not made a will,

The inheritance will be divided into six legal orders.

.

I encourage you to remember this.

Will not miss in the exam room

.

Who wants you to summarize what subject matter?

Comments can tell each other. I will definitely arrange > <

.

# Alevel # Society # University entrance exam # Dek69 # SmartMathPro

2/18 Edited to

... Read moreเสริมจากภาพสรุป เผื่อใครยังงงว่า “ทายาทโดยธรรม คืออะไร” — มันคือญาติที่กฎหมายกำหนดให้มีสิทธิรับมรดกแทนกันได้ในกรณีที่ผู้ตาย “ไม่ได้ทำพินัยกรรม” ไว้ค่ะ เวลาออกข้อสอบมักจะถาม 2 อย่าง: (1) เรียงลำดับทายาทให้ถูก (2) ใช้หลัก “ญาติสนิทตัดญาติห่าง” ให้เป็น ทายาทโดยธรรม 6 ลำดับตามกฎหมายไทย (จำเป็นแพ็ก) 1) ผู้สืบสันดาน (ลูก หลาน เหลน) 2) บิดามารดา 3) พี่น้องร่วมบิดามารดาเดียวกัน 4) พี่น้องร่วมบิดาหรือมารดาเดียวกัน 5) ปู่ย่าตายาย 6) ลุงป้าน้าอา ทริคจำ: “ลูก-พ่อแม่-พี่น้องแท้-พี่น้องครึ่ง-ปู่ย่า-ลุงป้า” หลัก “ญาติสนิทตัดญาติห่าง” คือ ถ้ามีทายาทลำดับก่อนหน้าอยู่ ลำดับถัดไป “หมดสิทธิ” ทันที เช่น ถ้ามีลูกอยู่ (ลำดับ 1) ปู่ย่าตายาย (ลำดับ 5) และลุงป้าน้าอา (ลำดับ 6) จะไม่ได้อะไรเลย ข้อยกเว้นที่ชอบออก: “บิดามารดาและคู่สมรส” - บิดามารดา: ถึงจะมีผู้สืบสันดาน (ลำดับ 1) อยู่ บิดามารดายังถือเป็นทายาทที่มักถูกนำมาให้พิจารณาร่วมกับบางสถานการณ์ในข้อสอบ ให้ระวังโจทย์กำหนดเงื่อนไข และอ่านว่าให้ใช้หลักแบ่งอย่างไร - คู่สมรส: คู่สมรสที่ “จดทะเบียนสมรสตามกฎหมาย” มีสิทธิรับมรดกร่วมกับทายาทโดยธรรม และสัดส่วนจะแตกต่างตามว่าเหลือทายาทลำดับไหนอยู่ (ข้อนี้เวลาอ่านให้ไปดูตารางส่วนแบ่งประกอบ จะทำโจทย์ได้ไวมาก) อีกประเด็นที่คนค้นหาเยอะ: “คู่สมรสที่ไม่ได้สมรสตามกฎหมาย” (อยู่กินกันแต่ไม่จดทะเบียน) โดยหลักแล้วจะไม่ถือเป็น “คู่สมรสตามกฎหมาย” จึงไม่มีสถานะทายาทโดยธรรม และมักไม่มีอำนาจฟ้องหรือจัดการแทนผู้ตายในฐานะคู่สมรส เว้นแต่จะเข้าหลักกฎหมายอื่น/มีพินัยกรรมระบุให้ หรือมีฐานะผู้เสียหายตามกฎหมายเฉพาะเรื่องนั้น ๆ (ในข้อสอบให้ตอบเหตุผลว่าเพราะกฎหมายรับรองสิทธิคู่สมรสเฉพาะที่สมรสถูกต้อง) ท้ายสุด “ใบรับมรดก” ที่หลายคนเจอในชีวิตจริง: โดยทั่วไปคือเอกสารจากศาลที่ใช้ยืนยันว่าใครเป็นผู้จัดการมรดก/ทายาท เพื่อนำไปทำธุรกรรม (ถอนเงิน ปรับชื่อที่ดิน ฯลฯ) โจทย์อาจถามเชิงขั้นตอนว่าเมื่อไม่มีพินัยกรรมต้องทำอย่างไร ก็ตอบให้ครบว่า ต้องพิสูจน์ความเป็นทายาทและขอศาลตั้งผู้จัดการมรดกก่อนถึงจะจัดการทรัพย์ได้ ถ้าจะซ้อมทำข้อสอบ แนะนำให้ฝึกไล่ลำดับญาติในโจทย์ก่อน แล้วค่อยใช้ “ญาติสนิทตัดญาติห่าง” ตัดคนที่หมดสิทธิออก เหลือใครค่อยไปคิดเรื่องคู่สมรสและการแบ่งค่ะ

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