The off-grid solar system is described.

The Off-Grid Solar System is MPPT-controlled. I'll explain it in a simple and intuitive way. 👇

🔆 1.Solar Panel (Solar Panel 450W x Multi Panel)

Serves Change of solar light → into direct current (DC)

In the figure, there are 5 panels (450W is the same).

Extension in pictures:

Parallels

👉 Same voltage, but the current is increasing.

📌 Advantages:

The system also works, even some panels are shadowed.

Fits 12V system

⚡ 2.DC Breaker (MCB - Miniature Circuit Breaker)

Use automatic power cut when over / short circuit

Helps prevent corrupt wires and equipment.

It can also be used as a closed-on switch.

⚡ 3.SPD (Surge Protection Device)

Surge protection, e.g.:

Lightning

Pressure surge from the panel

Will drain excess fire into the ground.

📌. Very important if installed outdoors.

⚙️ 4.MPPT Solar Charge Controller

(The heart of the system)

MPPT = Maximum Power Point Tracking

👉 Main functions:

Get fire from the panel.

Optimize the voltage / current.

Fully charged, with maximum efficiency.

📌 Advantages of MPPT:

Draw light from panel ~ 20-30% more cost than PWM

Fits high watt panel

🔧 What's inside the MPPT?:

Capacitor → Smooth fire filter

Resistance or → Control current

Choke Coil → Noise Reduction

Microcontroller → Brain Control

MOSFET → High Speed Light Switch

Diode → Backfire Proof

Voltage Regulator → Pressure Control

Bridge Rectifier → Power Transformation (Partial)

Fuse → Prevent overfire

🔋 5.12V battery

Store energy from the panel.

Use it at night or sunny.

📌 Popular types:

Deep Cycle

AGM / GEL

Lithium (best but expensive)

💡 6.Load (LOAD)

Like the lamp in the picture.

Use fire from:

MPPT (LOAD Channel)

Or from the battery directly

📌 MPPT's LOAD channel:

There is an automatic power cutting system when the battery is weak.

🔄 the order of operation of the system.

Sunlight → Solar panels produce DC lights

Fire through MCB → Prevent overfire

Pass SPD → Surge Proof

MPPT Enter → Optimize the light

Charge into battery

Battery → Power supply load

⚠️ important point to know.

MPPT must be selected to support:

Panel Pressure (V)

Total current (A)

The wires must be big enough (very important).

Must have ground (for SPD)

Battery 12V → Should not overload

🔎 Simple summary.

This system is:

Panel → Protection → Control (MPPT) → Keep (BAT) → Use

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