Airborne precautions are a critical component of infection control, especially in healthcare settings where patients are diagnosed with diseases that can spread through tiny airborne particles. These precautions are designed to minimize the risk of transmission by ensuring proper environmental controls and personal protective equipment (PPE). One of the cornerstone elements of airborne precautions is the use of a private room with negative pressure ventilation. Negative pressure rooms ensure that contaminated air from the patient’s room does not escape into other areas, reducing the risk of spreading infectious particles to healthcare workers and other patients. The door to the room should remain closed at all times except when entering or exiting. Hand hygiene remains essential when practicing airborne precautions — washing hands thoroughly before and after patient contact helps to prevent cross-contamination. In addition, healthcare workers must wear fit-tested N95 respirators or equivalent masks that filter out airborne particles. Surgical masks are generally insufficient for airborne pathogens but can be used on the patient during transport outside the room to reduce droplet spread. Gowns and gloves should be worn when there is a potential for contact with bodily fluids, adding another protective barrier. Diseases requiring these airborne precautions include tuberculosis (TB), which is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis; rubeola virus (measles), known for its high contagion; varicella virus (chickenpox), including disseminated varicella zoster virus; severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS); and smallpox. Understanding these detailed practices is crucial for nursing students and healthcare professionals preparing for exams such as the NCLEX®, as well as for practical daily infection control. Following these measures ensures the safety of both healthcare workers and patients by effectively controlling the spread of highly infectious airborne diseases. Continued education on evolving infection control protocols and proper PPE use is recommended to maintain proficiency in airborne precautions. Engaging with trusted nursing resources and simulation-based training can greatly enhance readiness and confidence in managing patients requiring these advanced precautions.