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The trustee died.

Supreme Court Judgment No. 4769 / 2566

When the fifth objector, one of the trustees, died, the six remaining trustees could not continue to manage the inheritance, without which the court had not yet ordered the six remaining trustees to be trustees, because it would violate the court's order that the petitioners and the six objectors should jointly manage the deceased's inheritance, neither could the court. Section 1715, second paragraph, requires that the remaining trustee continue to manage the inheritance but may not manage the inheritance alone applies to the case of setting up a trustee in this case because the case is not the setting of a trustee by will. The death of one trustee terminates the authority to manage the death trustee's inheritance without the need to remove the death trustee from being the trustee, but the authority to continue to manage the remaining trustee's inheritance.

The death of the fifth objector leaves only six trustees with the authority to manage the inheritance, who cannot campaign if the opinion is divided into two parties and each party has the same vote, so the legal process provided for in the 1726 "s section must be requested by the trustee to continue to make a request to the court when the provisions of the 1726" s are passed. Article 1713, second paragraph, requires the appointment of a trustee in the absence of a will requirement, that the court be set up for the benefit of the trustee according to the behavior and with regard to the intent of the trustee, as the court thinks fit. In the case of multiple trustees, the performance of the trustee must be regarded as a majority as provided for in the 1726 section. In view of the failure of the management of the inheritance, the setting of an objector as the trustee of the deceased will give the trustee a majority that is likely to benefit the deceased's trustee.

2025/10/11 Edited to

... Read moreหลายคนที่ค้นหา “มาตรา 1713” หรือ “ขั้นตอนการจัดตั้งผู้จัดการมรดก” มักเจอปัญหาคล้ายกันคือ ศาลตั้งผู้จัดการมรดกหลายคนไว้ร่วมกัน แล้วต่อมามีผู้จัดการมรดกคนหนึ่งเสียชีวิต หรือมีความขัดแย้งจนทำงานต่อไม่ได้ กรณีนี้อยากสรุปแนวคิดและแนวทางปฏิบัติให้เป็นขั้นตอนแบบที่เอาไปใช้คุยในบ้านได้ง่ายๆ ค่ะ 1) มาตรา 1713 เกี่ยวอะไรกับการตั้งผู้จัดการมรดก? ถ้าผู้ตายไม่ได้กำหนดเรื่องผู้จัดการมรดกไว้ในพินัยกรรม (หรือไม่มีพินัยกรรม) หลักคือศาล “ตั้ง” ผู้จัดการมรดกให้เหมาะกับพฤติการณ์ เพื่อประโยชน์ของกองมรดก และโดยคำนึงถึงเจตนาของเจ้ามรดกเท่าที่พออนุมานได้ ตรงนี้ทำให้ในทางปฏิบัติ ศาลอาจตั้งหลายคนร่วมกัน เช่น ทายาทหลายฝ่าย เพื่อให้ถ่วงดุลและเดินงานได้รอบด้าน 2) ถ้าผู้จัดการมรดกเสียชีวิต อำนาจหมดทันทีไหม? จากแนวคำพิพากษาฎีกา 4769/2566 “อำนาจของผู้จัดการมรดกที่เสียชีวิตสิ้นสุดลงโดยทันที” โดยไม่ต้องรอคำสั่งถอน แต่ประเด็นสำคัญคือ ศาลยังต้องมีคำสั่ง “จัดระเบียบอำนาจ” ของผู้จัดการมรดกที่เหลือว่าจะดำเนินการต่ออย่างไร โดยเฉพาะคดีที่ศาลเคยมีคำสั่งให้หลายคนต้องร่วมกันจัดการตามที่ศาลกำหนดไว้ 3) ปัญหาคะแนนเสียง/เสียงข้างมาก (ป.พ.พ. 1726) เมื่อมีผู้จัดการมรดกหลายคน การตัดสินใจมักยึดเสียงข้างมาก หากจำนวนที่เหลือเป็นเลขคู่ (เช่นเหลือ 6 คน) จะมีความเสี่ยง “เสียงเท่ากัน” แล้วเดินงานไม่ได้ เช่น จะขายทรัพย์สิน ชำระหนี้ ทำบัญชีทรัพย์ ฯลฯ ในทางออก ศาลอาจให้ผู้มีส่วนได้เสียยื่นคำร้องให้ศาลชี้ขาด หรือพิจารณาตั้งเพิ่ม/ปรับโครงสร้างผู้จัดการมรดกเพื่อให้เกิดเสียงข้างมากที่ชัดเจนและเป็นประโยชน์ต่อกองมรดก 4) ขั้นตอนการยื่นคำร้องขอตั้งผู้จัดการมรดก (ฉบับจับมือทำ) - เตรียมเอกสารหลัก: ใบมรณบัตร, ทะเบียนบ้านผู้ตาย, เอกสารแสดงความเป็นทายาท/ความเกี่ยวข้อง, รายการทรัพย์สิน-หนี้สินเท่าที่มี, (ถ้ามี) พินัยกรรม - เขียนคำร้องต่อศาลให้ตั้งผู้จัดการมรดก ระบุเหตุจำเป็น เช่น ต้องจัดการทรัพย์/ปิดบัญชี/โอนกรรมสิทธิ์/ชำระหนี้ - นัดไต่สวน: ศาลจะดูความเหมาะสม คุณสมบัติ ความขัดแย้ง และประโยชน์ของกองมรดก - เมื่อได้คำสั่งแล้ว ค่อยนำคำสั่งไปดำเนินการกับธนาคาร ที่ดิน บริษัท ประกัน ฯลฯ 5) ตัวอย่าง “คำร้องคัดค้านผู้จัดการมรดก” ควรมีสาระอะไรบ้าง? คำค้นนี้เจอบ่อยมาก แต่สิ่งสำคัญคือ “คัดค้านด้วยเหตุที่พิสูจน์ได้” เช่น - ผู้ถูกร้องมีผลประโยชน์ขัดกันชัดเจน (เช่นเป็นคู่พิพาทเรื่องทรัพย์) - เคยยักยอก/ปกปิดทรัพย์มรดก หรือบริหารทรัพย์ไม่โปร่งใส - มีพฤติการณ์ไม่เหมาะสม ทำให้กองมรดกเสียหาย ในคำคัดค้านควรแนบพยานเอกสาร/พยานบุคคลให้ครบ และเสนอทางออก เช่น ขอให้ศาลตั้งบุคคลกลาง หรือเพิ่มผู้จัดการมรดกอีกคนเพื่อให้เกิดเสียงข้างมากและตรวจสอบกันได้ สรุปสั้นๆ: เมื่อผู้จัดการมรดกคนหนึ่งเสียชีวิต อำนาจของคนนั้นจบทันที แต่ “การทำงานของทีมที่เหลือ” ควรให้ศาลมีคำสั่งกำกับให้ชัด โดยเฉพาะเมื่อเหลือจำนวนคู่และมีโอกาสเสียงเท่ากัน ใครเป็นผู้มีส่วนได้เสียสามารถยื่นคำร้องต่อศาลเพื่อให้การจัดการมรดกเดินต่อได้อย่างถูกต้องและเป็นประโยชน์ต่อกองมรดกค่ะ

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