Record I / O Who doesn't matter!!

💧 Intake & Output: I & O

Short • clear • practical for nurses

1️⃣ I & O? How important?

I & O is not only "write down" but the body's Fluid Balance.

📌 Important formula

Intake - Output = Fluid Balance

• ➕ Positive Balance → Overwater Risk Swelling Heart Failure

• ➖ Negative Balance → Dehydration risk, shock, kidney failure

👉 Unlike Bladder Diary, which is used to diagnose urological problems (3-day record).

2️⃣. What recording?

⚠️ Count only the "measured fluid" (excluding sweat / breathing).

🔹 Intake (water intake substance)

• Drinking Water Soup

• IV fluids / IV meds

• Hose food

• Blood

• ⚠️ Semi-Liquid Foods to Count: Ice Cream, Jelly, Pudding, Yogurt

🔹 Output (water output)

• Urine

• Vomiting

• Blood / ulcer secretions-drainage cord

• Liquid stool

📏 Measurement Tips

• Use a container with scale

• Diaper → 1 g = 1 mL

• Ice chips → Think half of the container

3️⃣ Why I & O help prevent crises

Water Balance Waste → Direct Impact Electrolyte

🧂 Na | ❤️ K | ⚖️ Cl | 🦴 Mg, Phos

Risky groups need special surveillance.

• Kidney disease / heart disease

• Diuretics or IV fluids obtained

• Severe vomiting-diarrhea / NG tube

❗ Record miss = risk miss diagnosis

→ AKI, Hyponatremia, convulsions, seepage

4️⃣ Nursing Math to know.

Basic Conversion Unit

• 1 tsp = 5 mL | 1 Tbsp = 15 mL

• 1 oz = 30 mL | 1 cup = 240 mL

• 1 kg = 2.2 lbs

Safety Standard (TJC)

✔️ Put 0 in front of the decimal number → 0.6 mg.

❌ Do not put 0 after the point → 6 mg (not 6.0)

👶 Kids < 1 mL → Round 2 decimal places

5️⃣ Best Practice for Nursing

✅ Real-time record.

✅ explain the reason to the patient / relative.

✅ Use symbols / visual aids to reduce redundant tasks.

📌 Select only patient records that "need to control water substances."

6️⃣ Special Case: Continuous Bladder Irrigation (CBI)

🚨 high risk point to be precise.

• Use 3 liter saline bag, prevent dry bag

• Calculate the actual Urine output = Output - Irrigation input

• Input > Output → Stop flushing immediately

⚠️ Risk the bladder through.

7️⃣ Checklist send carpool (don't forget!)

☑️ Fluid Balance Total (+ / -)

☑️ Relief of the Line (IV / Catheter)

☑️ Quantity-frequency-secretion characteristics

☑️ Symptoms are associated with water substances (swelling, fatigue, strained skin).

🚩 The doctor's report immediately.

• UOP < 30 mL / h

• Tired, tight, damp lung from overwater

# NurseShortNote

# Nurse

# IntakeOutput

# IOChart

# FluidBalance

# Water balance

# IO recording

# Nursing

# NursingCare

# NursingKnowledge

# NurseEducation

# Patient Safety

# ClinicalNursing

# HighRiskPatient

# ICUNurse

# WardNurse

# NursingPractice

# Thai nurse

# Medical knowledge