Electronic Fuel Injection System

Electronic Fuel Injection or EFI and the processing of the ECU box (Engine Control Unit), which is like the mechanical brain of a car.

Here's a key summary of what each part serves, and what happens if it malfunctions:

1.The main sensor that sends the data to the ECU.

The ECU box will receive signals from various sensors to optimize oil injection calculation:

• MAF (Mass Air Flow): Measure the amount of air flowing into the engine. If this one is dirty, the car will not accelerate or slow (Low performance).

• TPS (Throttle Position Sensor): Measure the degree of opening of the accelerator tongue (how much we step on the accelerator). If this one loses, the idle will swing or not remain stationary.

• ECT (Engine Coolant Temp): Measure the heating temperature of the coolant to see how hot or cold the engine is.

• CKP & CMP (Crankshaft / Camshaft Position): Measure the position and rotation of the crank and camshaft, so that the ECU knows the precise ignition rhythm.

• O2 Sensor: Check the oxygen in the exhaust to see if the combustion is "thick" (too much oil) or "thin" (too much air)

2. Processing and Command (Outputt)

Once the ECU has obtained all the sensor data, it will make a decision:

• Fuel Injector (Nozzle): The ECU will order the nozzle to spray an amount of oil that fits the air and driving conditions at the time.

• Real-time tuning: If one of the sensors is distorted, the ECU may missupply the oil, such as overpaying the oil to cause the "Engine flooded."

3. The abnormal symptoms indicated in the picture.

• Swinging RPM graph: caused by the TPS sensor has a problem, causing the machine cycle to be unstable

• Performance drop graph: caused by dirty MAF, causing ECU to miscalculate air and prescribe oil uncorrelated

• Fuel bar graphs: Shows that the ECU is adjusting, increasing or decreasing oil content according to the appropriateness of the data received.

In a nutshell: This system works as a circuit, starting with "Sensors - > Think (ECU) - > Make (Injectors)" to make the engine as strong and fuel efficient as possible.