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4 The level of symptoms is kidney disease to the point of dialysis.

2025/11/27 Edited to

... Read moreโรคไตเรื้อรังแบ่งออกเป็น 4 ระยะ ตามการทำงานของไตหรือค่า GFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate) ซึ่งเป็นตัววัดประสิทธิภาพการกรองของไต ระยะที่ 1 ไตเริ่มเลีย แต่ยังทำงานเกือบปกติ โดยมีค่า GFR มากกว่าหรือเท่ากับ 90 มิลลิลิตรต่อนาทีต่อ1.73 ตารางเมตร ระยะนี้ผู้ป่วยยังไม่มีอาการชัดเจนและไตยังทำงานได้ดี แต่ควรระวังปัจจัยเสี่ยง เช่น ความดันโลหิตและน้ำตาลในเลือด ระยะที่ 2 ไตเสื่อมเล็กน้อย ค่า GFR อยู่ระหว่าง 60-89 มิลลิลิตรต่อนาที เริ่มมีความผิดปกติเล็กน้อย การดูแลต้องควบคุมความดันโลหิต น้ำตาล รวมถึงหลีกเลี่ยงยาที่มีผลเสียต่อไต ระยะที่ 3 ไตเสื่อมปานกลาง ค่า GFR 30-59 มิลลิลิตรต่อนาที เริ่มมีอาการบวม ตัวซีด อ่อนเพลีย ซึ่งเกิดจากของเสียคั่งสะสมในร่างกาย การดูแลต้องเข้มงวดมากขึ้น รวมถึงอาจต้องได้รับการปรึกษาแพทย์เพื่อเตรียมตัวรับการรักษาอย่างเหมาะสม ระยะที่ 4 ไตวายระยะสุดท้าย ค่า GFR ต่ำกว่า 30 มิลลิลิตรต่อนาที เป็นระยะที่ไตไม่สามารถขจัดของเสียได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพ ต้องได้รับการฟอกไตหรือตรวจสอบเพื่อทำการปลูกถ่ายไต การเข้าใจอาการและระดับความรุนแรงของโรคไตเรื้อรังเป็นสิ่งสำคัญที่ช่วยให้ผู้ป่วยสามารถจัดการกับโรคได้ทันท่วงที การดูแลสุขภาพด้วยการควบคุมความดันโลหิต น้ำตาล และหลีกเลี่ยงสารพิษที่ทำร้ายไต รวมถึงการตรวจสุขภาพไตอย่างสม่ำเสมอเป็นกุญแจสำคัญที่จะช่วยยืดอายุการทำงานของไตและป้องกันภาวะแทรกซ้อนที่รุนแรงในอนาคต

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