Electrical and Electronic System Schematic of a Motorcycle

Very detailed layout of modern motorcycle electrical and electronic systems, dividing the main functional groups:

1. The Brain Central Processing Unit

• ECU (PGM-FI): Short for Engine Control Unit, it is the brain of a car. It takes data from various sensors to calculate the oil supply and ignition as accurately as possible.

2. Power and Charging System (Power & Charging)

• 12V Battery: Backup Electric Power Storage Source Used to Start Car and Feed System when Quenching

• Stator (power bundle): generates alternating current (AC) from engine rotation.

• Regulator / Rectifier (Charging Plate): Converts AC power from the power bundle into direct current (DC) power and regulates the voltage to recharge into the battery.

• Sub Fuses: Anti-circuit fuses are damaged. If an overlight or short circuit occurs, the fuses will be torn to cut off the current.

3. Start & Ignition System

• Starter Motor: A starter motor that acts to rotate the engine on the first stroke.

• Starter Relay: An electromagnetic switch that helps to connect high current power from the battery to lean the starter motor.

• Ignition Coil (Ignition Coil): Raise the voltage very high to send it to the spark plug.

• Spark Plug (Spark Plug): Create a spark to ignite the combustion chamber.

4.Sensor system (Sensors - feedback)

This group serves to send various values to the ECU to decide:

• MAP Sensor: Measure the air pressure in the intake pipe.

• IAT Sensor: Measure engine inflow air temperature

• ECT Sensor: Measure the coolant temperature to check if the machine is hot.

• Bank Angle Sensor: Car Tilt Sensor Will extinguish the engine immediately if the car falls for safety.

• Wheel Speed Sensor (Front / Rear): Measuring Front-Rear Wheel Speed for use in ABS Braking System

5. Controls & Safety

• Ignition Switch: Master key switch for power on-off

• Engine Kill Switch: Emergency Switch for Instant Engine Quench

• ABS Control Unit: Anti-lock Braking System Control Box

• Side Stand Switch: Stand Switch (If the stand is taken down, the car will start, not stick or extinguish on some models)

• Clutch / Neutral Switch: Check the empty position or clutch removal before starting

6. Lighting and Display System (Lighting & Display)

• Digital Instrument Cluster: Digital mile house dial, showing speed, cycle and state

• LED Headlight / Tail Light: Headlights and Tail Lights for Vision

• Indicator Relay: Turn Signal Relay, Make the Flashing Lights Rhythmic

• Horn: Horn for transmitting audio signals

Summary of the meaning of wire color by image:

• 🔴 Red: Main Power Cord (Power)

• ⚫ Black: Ground / Grounding Cable (Ground)

• 🟡 Yellow: Generator and Charging System (Charging)

• 🔵 Blue: Lighting System (Lighting)

• 🟢 Green: Sensor or Spot Ground Wire (Sensors / Ground)

If you are going to repair or fire the light system, this tree is a very good manual, but remember to check the color wires from the service manual, because each brand may use a slightly different color.